Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict: History, Global Interests, and the Road to Peace

-


               Nagorno - Karabakh 


The Nagorno-Karabakh dispute is decades old between Azerbaijan and Armenia. This region has its own history. It affects not only regional politics but the politics of the whole world. The interests of Russia, Turkey and many other countries including Western countries are also embroiled in this dispute. Each country has its own view and its own perspective. In 2020, there was a war between Azerbaijan and Armenia over this region in which Azerbaijan won a major military victory. What is the recognition of this region on the world stage and what is the view of other communities including the United Nations on this? Let us know about this in detail -

What is Nagorno-Karabakh ?

Nagorno-Karabakh is a mountainous region. This part is internationally considered part of Azerbaijan.  The international community, the United Nations and other organizations consider this region to be a part of Azerbaijan. But the residents living in this region are Armenian tribes. Due to the large number of this tribe in Nagorno-Karabakh, the people of Armenia dominate this region. The Armenian ethnic group has dominated here for a long time. This area of ​​Azerbaijan is strategically very important. But this region is considered culturally linked to Armenia.

History of Nagorno-Karabakh

Nagorno-Karabakh has historically been a part of the culture and civilization of Armenia. Since ancient times, this region was under Armenia. From the 11th century to the 18th century, this region was under various Muslim rulers and various Persian rulers. After the war between Russia and Persia in the 19th century, this region came under Russia.

After the formation of the Soviet Union in 1920, this region was kept with Azerbaijan as an autonomous region, although the majority of the population was Armenian. After the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1988, this region expressed its desire to join Armenia. This led to a war between Azerbaijan and Armenia in 1994, but a ceasefire was signed with the mediation of Russia and the region was internationally recognized as a part of Azerbaijan, but even after the ceasefire, Armenia continued to control this region.

2020 war and its aftermath

After 1994, there was a limited conflict in 2016, then a full-fledged war broke out between the two countries again on 27 September 2020. In this war, Azerbaijan achieved military victory with the support of Turkey and regained control of many areas and thousands of soldiers and civilians were killed on both sides in this war. On 10 November 2020, a peace agreement was reached between the two countries with the mediation of Russia, in which Russia deployed peacekeeping forces in this disputed region.

After September 2023

Azerbaijan took full control of Nagorno-Karabakh in September 2023. The Nagorno-Karabakh region is completely under Azerbaijan. After the region came under the control of Azerbaijan, the majority population, about more than 1 lakh ethnic Armenians, migrated. Due to which discontent spread among the people of Armenia and protests started against Armenia's Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan. But he did not leave his post. Now in 2025, Azerbaijan has full control over the region, and the Armenian presence there is almost over. Now it is completely under Azerbaijan.

Role of big powers

Russia has traditionally been an ally of Armenia, but during the war between Azerbaijan and Armenia, Russia's activity decreased due to the Ukraine war. And in this war, Turkey gave military and political support to Azerbaijan. Apart from this, the US and the European Union appealed to both sides to maintain peace, but their influence was limited. India has its own independent foreign policy. India has always supported peace. India did not openly support any party in this dispute.

Possibility of peace and future challenges

Azerbaijan has now taken control of the entire Karabakh region. And this region is completely under Azerbaijan. But there is always a possibility of peace in this region in the future, there is no guarantee. Because Armenia is currently under internal instability and political pressure.

To maintain peace in the region, relations and trust between the two countries should also increase. Otherwise it is difficult until trust is built between the two countries. Both countries should trust each other, only by trusting each other can peace remain forever. Otherwise, anything can happen at any time. It is a matter of time to see what will happen.

Conclusion

The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict remains one of the most complex and longstanding disputes in the Caucasus region. Although Azerbaijan has regained full control over the region, the deep-rooted historical, ethnic, and political tensions between Armenia and Azerbaijan continue to pose challenges to lasting peace. The displacement of ethnic Armenians and internal unrest in Armenia indicate that the scars of the conflict are still fresh. While major powers like Russia, Turkey, and Western nations have played various roles, a sustainable resolution requires direct trust-building and diplomatic efforts between the two nations. Only through mutual understanding and cooperation can a peaceful and stable future for the region be envisioned.



Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Abrogation of Article 370: A Turning Point in Jammu and Kashmir's Constitutional and Political History

-
Image
Jammu and Kashmir, the most prominent state of the Republic of India, borders Pakistan and China. This state was given special status by the Indian Constitution in the form of Article 370. Article 370 was a temporary provision of the Indian Constitution. This article gave the state of Jammu and Kashmir the power to make its own constitution, separate flag and take decisions independently. This article was repealed by the Government of India on 5 August 2019. Let us know - the history of Article 370, its political and social impact, and the consequences of its removal will be analyzed in depth. History of Article 370 When the whole of India was under the British Empire, India got independence from the British in 1947, and it was divided into two parts, the first part was called India and the second Pakistan. All the princely states were asked to join either Pakistan or India. But King Hari Singh of Jammu and Kashmir decided not to join India or Pakistan and remain independen...
Read more

Serbia-Kosovo Border Dispute: History, Tensions & Global Impact in 2025

-
Image
The border dispute between Serbia and Kosovo is decades old and is once again a topic of discussion on the international stage in 2025. Many countries and many organizations such as NATO, the European Union and the United Nations are constantly trying to resolve this dispute. But the situation between Serbia and Kosovo becomes tense again and again. In this article, we will shed light on the historical background, current situation and global impact of this dispute by keeping Serbia at the center. Know in detail how Kosovo separated from Serbia and what is the history of these two countries - Why did Kosovo separate from Serbia ? Before 2008, Kosovo and Serbia were one country.  Kosovo was a part of Serbia for a long time, but there were many reasons for the separation of Serbia and Kosovo. Serbia is basically a Christian country, while the people living in Kosovo came from the Muslim Albanian community, due to which there was religious conflict between the two. Apart...
Read more

"Afghanistan’s Changing Ties: US, India, and the Taliban"

-
Image
Relations between the US and the Taliban are improving, recently US citizen George Glazman was released from an Afghan prison. The US has also removed the bounty on three prominent Taliban leaders. India has also started diplomatic talks with Afghanistan. However, no country has yet officially recognised the Taliban government. Read in detail- America and Taliban are working towards normalizing their relations. The Trump administration is working towards improving relations with the Taliban. Recently, an American man who was imprisoned in Afghanistan for 2 years was released. US Secretary of State Marco Rubio has written a post on social media saying that American citizen George Glezman, who was wrongly arrested in Afghanistan, has been released from Afghanistan. Let us tell you that American citizen Glezman was arrested by Afghanistan about two and a half years ago.  US Secretary of State Mark Rubio wrote a post on X Marco Rubio said that talks were held between the Ta...
Read more