Climate Change 2025: Causes, Global Impact & Role of USA, China, and India

Climate Change 2025: Causes, Global Impact & Role of USA, China, and India

Date 18 August 2025

By : The global world news 

Introduction: Today in the 21st century, the most serious crisis in the whole world is climate change. It is not only an environmental problem. But it is a crisis related to global politics, economy, energy security, food production and human health. According to the United Nations, if no steps are taken by the global community at present, then in the coming time the temperature of the earth can increase by 1.5 to 2 degrees Celsius. The effect of this temperature will be very destructive on the whole world and a serious crisis will arise for the whole humanity, which will be difficult to find a solution. Today in this article we will know why the whole world community will have to work together on the issue of climate change and what can be the opinion of the whole world on this issue, know in detail.

Main causes of climate change

1. Greenhouse gas emission

The main cause of climate change is the emission of greenhouse gases. Because excessive amount of coal, oil and gas is used for industrialization, vehicle driving and energy production, due to which the amount of gases like carbon dioxide and methane is increasing in the entire atmosphere. Which is harmful for the entire human community.

2. Deforestation and land degradation – Forests are being cut indiscriminately all over the world. And land degradation is also happening. The upper fertile layer of dust is being destroyed. Due to which there is a lack of oxygen in the environment. Apart from this, the balance has also been disturbed by the deforestation of Amazon, Indonesia and Africa. Because these forests used to exploit carbon in maximum quantity.

3. Industrialization and urbanization – The population of the whole world is now leaving the villages and moving towards the cities. More than half of the world's population lives in cities. And it is increasing continuously. The population living in urban areas is increasing pollution, energy consumption and waste.

 4. Agricultural activities – Earlier, pesticides were not used in crops all over the world but now the level of methane and nitrous oxide is increasing due to chemical fertilizers and animal husbandry. This has also increased the risk of climate change. 

5. Excessive consumption and lifestyle – The growing population of the entire global community and its increasing consumption and "consumer culture" are putting unbearable pressure on natural resources. Because natural resources are limited.

Global effects of climate change

1. Rise in sea level – The ice of Greenland and Antarctica is melting rapidly. This threatens to sink countries like Male, Fiji and Bangladesh.

2. Agriculture and food crisis – Changing monsoon patterns and rising temperatures are affecting the production of wheat, paddy and maize.

3. Health problems – Heatwaves are affecting millions of people every year. Diseases like dengue and malaria are now spreading to new areas.

4. Natural disasters – Forest fires in the US, floods in India and drought in Africa in 2023–24 are signs of this danger.

5. Geopolitical tensions – The possibility of conflict over water, oil and energy resources is increasing. For example, disputes over water resources are emerging in Central Asia and Africa.

Role of America, India and China

America – America is the second largest carbon emitting country in the world. The US administration has set a target of reducing emissions by 2030 and net zero by 2050. China is rapidly investing in renewable energy and electric vehicles. But after President Donald Trump came to power again, this has decreased.

China – China is the largest carbon emitting country in the entire world community. But China is also the world's leading country in renewable energy. China has set a target of net-zero carbon energy emissions by 2060. It has overtaken America in solar energy and wind energy production. Which shows how fast China is working.

India: India is the third largest carbon emitting country in the world. Despite all this, it is running renewable energy programs very fast. India has set a target of net-zero energy emissions by 2070. India has initiated the International Solar Alliance (ISA) all over the world. It is investing heavily in electric vehicles and green hydrogen. India argues that developed countries have historically polluted the most, so they should take more responsibility.

 US–China Rivalry – America and China are the world's largest economies. There is competition between the two countries. Now the competition between the two countries will decide how the world will deal with the climate crisis. If they cooperate, the solution will be faster; if they clash, the whole world will be affected.

International efforts

1. Paris Agreement (2015) – The goal was to limit the temperature rise to below 2°C and ideally to 1.5°C but the US separated itself from this agreement

2. COP Conference – Every year the countries of the world discuss climate change. An agreement was reached on Fossil Fuels Phase Down at COP28 (2023). After this, conferences have also been held in 2025 on which no concrete progress was made

3. United Nations Climate Fund (UNFCCC) – Commitment from developed countries to provide climate finance to developing countries.

4. Green Technology Cooperation – Research is increasing in solar energy, hydrogen fuel and carbon capture technology.

Solutions and way forward

1. Rapid change in renewable energy – India and China are rapidly running renewable energy programs. Other countries will also have to work in this direction, in addition to which the use of solar, wind, hydro and nuclear energy will also have to be increased.

2. Reducing dependence on fossil fuels – It is necessary to adopt clean energy instead of coal and oil. Most of the carbon emissions are from coal. Dependence on coal has to be reduced.

3. Forest conservation and tree plantation – There is indiscriminate cutting of forests on a large scale. This has to be stopped and new trees have to be planted.

4. Sustainable lifestyle – Less consumption, recycling and use of environment-friendly products.

5. International cooperation – Developed and developing countries will have to do Climate Finance and Technology Sharing together. So that both can work in a similar way and success can be achieved as soon as possible.

6. Public awareness – This battle can be won only with the participation of common citizens. Every person in the country has to be made aware and told how he can cooperate in this battle.

Conclusion

Climate change is not just an environmental issue but a question of the survival of humanity. Its impacts—rising sea levels, extreme weather, health crises, food insecurity, and geopolitical tensions—are already visible across the world. America, China, and India, as the three largest carbon emitters, have a special responsibility to lead global action. The future of the planet depends on whether the United States and China choose cooperation or confrontation. International agreements like the Paris Accord and COP Summits provide frameworks, but real change requires rapid adoption of renewable energy, reduction in fossil fuel dependency, forest conservation, sustainable lifestyles, and active participation of every citizen. The window of opportunity is closing fast. If the global community acts now with unity and determination, the climate crisis can still be managed. If not, it will become the greatest threat to human civilization in the 21st century.